Kongressen hadde over 900 deltagere og en stor fagutstilling. Syv veterinærer fra Nextmune Scandinavia deltok på den europeiske dermatologikongressen i Porto i september. Veterinær dermatolog Katinka Hvitman Graflund deler noen av sine «gullkorn» med oss.

Presence of material within the tympanic bullae of French Bulldogs (FB) without signs of otic disease. A retrospective study of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2017-2020. A Urkiola

• How often do FB have middle ear effusion without signs of ear disease?
• 198 tympanic bullae evaluated
  • 63 % had bilateral material in middle ear
  • 36 % had unilateral content
• Brachycephalic dogs have middle ear effusion in large studies (several)
• Need to take into account if middle ear effusion in FB has anything to do with the otitis externa when evaluating FB with ear disease

A randomized controlled trial testing the rebound-preventing benefit of 4 days of prednisolone during the induction of oclacitinib therapy in dogs with atopic dermatitis. T Olivry.

• Initially oclacitinib does not reduce cytokine transcription -> that happens after a while. Early only antipruritic effect
• Combining prednisolone and oclacitinib for initial 4 days of oclacitinib therapy
  • Higher proportion of less lesions in combined treatment oclacitinib + glucocorticoid compared to monotherapy with oclacitinib.
  • Self-limiting side effects

Genetics: Atopic dermatitis – humans and dogs

HAD = Human Atopic Dermatitis. Heritability in humans

• AD up to 90%
• Hay fever 33-91%
• Asthma 31-96 %
• HAD:
  • About 30 % have defect FLG, fillagrin gene
  • 73 % still unexplained

cAD = canine Atopic Dermatitis.

• cAD sensu stricto: with IgE.
• cAD intrinsic: without IgE

cAD: 3-15 % worldwide and increasing.

• Antibiotics + gut microbiota + environment + lifestyle: interrelated with cAD.
• Living area + exercise area + accomodation for owner and dog (both mother and puppies):
  • strongly indicated in the development to either cAD or healthy individuals
  • Urban environments predispose dogs and their owners to AD
• Acinetobacter more dominant in rural /agricultural areas
  • this environment in early life is associated with this gut flora and with healthier dogs
• Escherichia shigella
  • more prevalent in gut in atopic dogs
• High-carbohydrate diets
  • more protective from cAD!
• Often concurrent allergies in humans and their dogs

Genetic skin diseases (here, we just picked the most common ones)

Ichtyoses: hereditary cornification disorders. Mostly single genes and single variants in cornification disorders

• Jack Russel Terrier: TGM1
• German Shepherd Dog: ASPRV1
• American Bully: NIPAL4
• Golden Retriever: PNLA1, almost 1% of 1 million Golden retrievers had this variant (!); ABDH5
• Great Dane: SLC27A4

Hyperkeratosis: localized cornification disorders affecting keratin intermediate filaments

Pawpads

• Norfolk terrier; KRT10
• Dogue de Bordeaux; KRT16
• Kromforhrländer & Irish Terrier; FAM83G
• Rottweiler; DSG1

Nasal planum (HNPK = hereditary Nasal Parakeratosis)

• Labrador Retriever & Greyhounds; SUV39H3

The past, present and the future of allergen immunotherapy. M Akdis

Allergen-specific immunotherapy

• Monotherapy is successful in >90 % of Human Atopic Dermatitis
• If allergen is exposed to mucosa, then immunity will induce TGFβ and later IgA as well
• SLIT is preferable to SCIT in humans
• The immune response to allergen immunotherapy (AIT) roughly divided into 4 categories:
• Rapid desensitization of mast cells and basophils: increased HR2 expression on basophils early in VIT (Venom ImmunTherapy) -> increases ca-influx
• Induction of allergen-specific Treg and Breg cells: IL-10 induced peripheral T cell tolerance in bee venom specific IT and enhanced IL-10 secretion from B-regulatory (Breg; BR1) cells
  1. IL-10 is also an anti-depressant cytokine -> beekeepers are happier 😊
• Changes in humoral responses characterized by early increases in allergen-specific IgG4 and IgE, sometimes followed by reduction in allergen-specific IgE
  1. Phospholipase A2-specific B-cells (PLA-specific B-cells) secretes PLA-Specific IgA
     1. IgA increases 1000-fold during tolerance induction
     2. Counteract effect of IgE
     3. IgE can later diminish in some patients
     4. Decreases in mastcells and eosinophils in affected tissues

I neste nyhetsbrev:
Flere gullkorn og mer om PAX, Nextmune sine nye molekulære IgE test.

SAVE THE DATE – vinn kongress billett
Neste års ESVD kongress holdes i Gøteborg 31. august til 02. september.
Vi i Nextmune håper at mange skandinaviske veterinærer vil delta. Du kan vinne en kongressbillett her: https://go.nextmune.com/en/competition-win-congress-tickets-for-esvd-2023-gothenburg 

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